Terrain
In aviation, terrain refers to the natural or man-made features of the earth's surface, including mountains, hills, valleys, rivers, lakes, forests, buildings, and other structures. Terrain can have a significant impact on aircraft operations, particularly during takeoff, landing, and low-altitude flight. Pilots must be aware of the terrain in their flight path and take appropriate measures to avoid obstacles and maintain a safe altitude. Terrain awareness and warning systems (TAWS) are used to alert pilots of potential terrain hazards and provide guidance for safe navigation.
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